The history of chocolate is much longer and more involved than most people are familiar with. Most people tend to go to a store and purchase a candy bar without thinking of the rich history of the rich treat. It’s a history covering widely separated continents and times
Going into a grocery store and plunking a chocolate bar on the counter one would never know that what we find to be a cheap, rich chocolaty experience, started thousands of years ago as a dark bitter drink, laced with chili peppers, that at least in Aztec culture was reserved for the most honored members of society.
It wasn’t exactly restricted to royalty, but only royalty, priests and such personages as decorated soldiers and honored merchants had access to it.
Chocolate is created based on the cacao seed and was once used as a form of Aztec currency. Defeated enemies were many times forced to pay their ransom in cacao seeds.
The Maya were the first known people to have discovered the cacao tree in the rain forests of South America. They gathered the seeds from the tree and cultivated them in their own cities and villages during the Classical Maya Period (250-900 A.D.).
However, taking chocolate from the cacao seed to a sweet had a long history, especially since sugar as a commodity crop wasn’t available to the Mesoamerican people. After harvesting, the seeds were fermented, roasted and ground up into a paste. The paste was then mixed with water and various ingredients such as cornmeal and chili peppers into a spicy, frothy drink.
Let’s face it, this was not the stuff of Hershey and Lindt bars, Leonidas, Dove or Ghirardelli chocolates. There were no truffles, sampler boxes or chocolate covered strawberries, blueberries or chocolate covered cherries.
This was a very raw product that, like middle-ages wine, had to have a LOT of help to get swallowed. It was nothing to go into an intense ecstacy of chocolate about.
From the Maya, cacao migrated to the Aztec both as a trade commodity and through conquest. Like ransom, tributes from conquered people were required to be paid in cacao seeds.
However, the idea of fixed exchange rates hasn’t entirely disappeared. European Economic Community, in 1979, introduced the European Monetary System in 1979 which was a fixed rate Europe-wide monetary system. In a world of shifting rate currencies a fixed exchange rate has no place and the European Monetary System pretty well collapsed in 1993 when currency devaluations of a number of weaker EU members killed it.
However, not wanting a bad effort to go to waste, the EU followed up with the Euro which is showing many of the strains and pressures as the European Monetary System. France, Italy and others are running chronic budget deficits which affects the value of their goods produced. Many things like this are what doom fixed currencies.
But, this is from the top down. Commercial ventures and Central Banks must face a much more volatile currency market in looking from the bottom up, but in recent years, the forex has become the playground of traders and investors who like to take a shot at the largest market on Planet Earth. This is a 4 trillion dollar daily market and compared to the NYSE’s $25 billion is miniscule in proportion.
Here ends step one of the History of Chocolate! Be sure to visit Chocolate Ecstacy to take the next step!
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